Netgear SC101 Networking

IP Networking for the SC101

The Netgear SC101 Storage Central is a very simple device and does not offer any sort of interface to its network settings. This can cause quite an issue if you are attempting to place it onto a network that does not have DHCP. In fact you can’t use it without DHCP. You will simply need to add DHCP to your network if you do not currently have it.

As long as you have DHCP enabled on your network you should be good to go. Just plug the SC101 into the network and turn it on. It should configure itself without any intervention. Since the only real way to interface with the device (besides some seriously advanced tricks) is through the Storage Central Management Utility, SCM, there is no need to know anything about the unit’s network settings. The SCM discovers the SC101(s) on your network and configures them automatically. But, if you want control of the network settings there is nothing that you can do on the device itself.

You can control the network settings of the SC101 by controlling the DHCP server, assuming that you have control over it. You can look up the MAC address either through your DHCP servers logs / console or by using the “arp” command on either Windows (arp -a) or Linux (arp). Once you have the MAC address to work with you can tell the DHCP server to always assign a certain IP address to that particular MAC address. You will have to check your DHCP “manual” for details about doing this on your particular system. Remember that the SC101 needs two IP address and uses just one MAC address.  (That is, it needs one IP address per SCM accessible partition which is one IP address per non-mirrored partition or two per mirror partition.)

One important aspect of the SC101 that needs to be mentioned is the fact that it will pick up a default gateway setting from the DHCP server if it is given one (unless you are an expert who configured your DHCP yourself not to do this then assume that it does – there is no standard setup that doesn’t.) That means that the SC101 is routable. To verify this I tried connecting to the SC101 over my IPSec VPN which routes to a different subnet and it is truly routable. That means that if your network is compromised or if you forward your Internet connection to the SC101 or if you are using a public address space or you connect without NAT or a firewall – that the entire world can attach to your hard drives in the SC101 just as easily as you can! Now, most people have one or multiple of these things protecting them from this happening. But it is a real danger and needs to be considered.

Having the SC101 be routable is also a feature. If you are like me and have a VPN connecting multiple physical locations together the SC101 can be used to share data – albeit very slowly – over the Internet. This makes it more flexible but also more complicated and much easier to compromise. A non-routable device is very difficult to access remotely by a malicious person.

One thing that is very annoying about the SC101 is that each partition that you make receives its own IP address. This address will not be visible from the SCM Utility but will be pingable on the network. This includes mirrored partitions meaning if you create a mirrored partition – that partition requires two IP address. So with just a small amount of sub-partitioning of your SC101 you could easily consume ten or even a dozen IP addresses especially when using significantly large drives.  This is not normally a factor for most home users but businesses using carefully scaled subnetting may be surprised to find a single small device using more IP addresses than an entire small office used previously.

ZSAN Networking

Because of the way that the SC101 works, with no local processing on the device itself, all mirroring is done from the computer client side. That means that when using mirroring there is a significant performance hit with transfer speeds being cut roughly in half. This is because the computer sees the individual drives as individual and unique network resources and does not see them as being two drives in a single SC101 container. So the network transfer of data for mirroring requires the computer to write all of the data to each drive itself – doubling the network traffic.

The advantage to this system, if there is one, is that putting multiple SC101 units onto your network creates one large pool of disk resources for your computer. Three SC101s connected to your network would generate a pool of six disks that would all be visible and equal to the SCM Utility. So if you have those resources – consider building your mirrors split between two Ethernet ports to provide some limited load balancing.

ZSAN is a true block level SAN protocol roughly analogous to iSCSI. In both cases the SAN protocol is a high level protocol riding on the TCP/IP stack allowing standing networking gear to handle the nitty-gritty details of the switching and routing. In both cases transfers are at the block level and the protocols are routable.

Separate partitions of the SC101 are visible through traditional LUN partitioning. This makes the device appear even more like a normal SAN.

Netgear SC101 SAN Device: Introduction

The Netgear SC101 Storage Central is a small, consumer level SAN (Storage Area Network) device designed for home users and based on the ZSAN SAN protocol. ZSAN by Zetera is a competing, but far less common, SAN protocal with iSCSI. The device is small and attractive – it should probably have been called the Storage Toaster.

The SC101 uses one or two Parallel ATA (PATA, UltraATA, IDE, EIDE) drives. When using two drives the drives can be mirrored (RAID 1) for data protection. With just a single drive there is no drive failure protection. The unit has a single 100Mb/s FastEthernet connection.

Because the SC101 is true SAN it would be unable to share data between separate computers if Windows’ standard NTFS file system was used. To allow for this functionality Netgear provides the Shared File System or SFS. In the current release the filesystem has been renamed DataPlowFSZ.

Because of the use of DataPlowFSZ there are some severe limitations in the usability of the SC101. The most important is that DataPlowFSZ does not support NTFS ACLs. That means that by placing files onto the SC101 you are making them available with complete read and write access to anyone that can attach to the device on the network. The normal security system with ownership and levels of permission based on your Windows user account is non-existant on drives mounted from the SC101. For anyone wanting to protect sensitive data this could be a real concern and will certainly limit the potential for this device to be widely used by small businesses.

I have attempted to format the SC101 using NTFS but it is not possible at this time. Complete block level access to the device is not given to the operating system when using the Zetera/Netgear drivers. Only DataPlowFSZ is available for use.

The SC101 is supported on Windows® 2000(SP4), XP Home or Pro (SP1 or SP2), 2003 (the site lists SP4 but since that doesn’t exist I will assume that they meant SP1.) Recent software updates also make the unit available for Windows Vista.

My Initial Setup (SFS)

I installed two Seagate Barracuda 7200.10 500GB PATA drives into my new SC101, plugged in the power and attached the network cable to my DHCP enabled network. My home network is based on a Netgear ProSafe FVG318 which is an integrated router, switch, wireless and VPN unit. I do not have Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) networking on my switch.

My home computer is Windows XP Pro SP2. To set up the SC101 you need to install the Storage Central Management Utility or SCM. The SCM software that came with the unit was uninstallable but I went to Netgear’s website and downloaded the latest version which installed without any issues. The SCM fired up and it immediately detected the SC101 on my network. It detected the unit’s firmware revision, determined that it was too old to work with the new version of SCM and offered to automatically bring the SC101 up to date. I selected to do so and we continued. It took a few minutes for the firmware upgrade process to complete. When it was finished the SC101 rebooted.

Initially the SCM Utility was unable to see any space on the newly installed drives. I was forced to go through the “Advanced” path within the utility and select “refresh” which suddenly showed the available space on the disk. I then went back and used the Smart Wizard utility to create my first disk. I chose to allocate 400GB from each physical drive as a mirrored set with sharing enabled but without passwords enabled.

One of the first oddities about the SC101 that I noticed is that the unit automatically allocates two IP addresses – one assigned to each physical drive. The actual process of mirroring the drives is handled by software on the computer and not within the unit itself. This, I am sure, makes the unit much less expensive to produce however it causes lowered performance because of network traffic. It does lend itself to interesting theories as to additional uses for the unit. If attached to a Windows Server OS I assume that mirroring could be handled by the OS RAID software instead of the proprietary Zetera software. Two units could be combined for RAID 5 or RAID 0+1 / 1+0 because each drive is seen as an independent drive resource.

The disc creation utility automatically attached the newly created mirrored drive to my system as drive F: (mileage may vary.) I was immediately able to begin copying data to the SC101 for backing up.

At the end of my first day with the Netgear SC101 the unit is working as advertised without any real problems. I hope to investigate more advanced functionality that can be squeezed out of this unit. I am especially looking forward to attempting to attach this unit to a Linux workstation.

My initial tests with the unit show that access to the drives over the network is extremely slow. But as the unit is primary used for backup the performance is adequate and will not cause problems for normal users. If you are accessing small files off of the drive such as documents or pictures you won’t notice the speed issues at all. Moving large files can be painful.

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September 26, 2007: Goodbye Yellowbrick Road (Read: Warren)

Today is my last actually day being based in Warren, New Jersey. Tomorrow is my last official day but tomorrow I will be working from home so today is the last time that I do the regular commute out to here. It is weird as this office in Warren is the office that I have worked in the most ever! I am not leaving the company just changing office locations and I will still be out here on a regular basis but it is a little weird to be switching into Manhattan.

Oreo is alone again today but it is his last day alone this week. He will be fine. Susan is going to walk him and Min will get home as quickly as she can after work. After work for me today I am taking advantage of my last day in Warren to make a run to Scranton after work. John Stephens, the Surfing IT Wizard, is meeting me there so that he can see the servers and so that we can do dinner and catch up.

Amazon is beta testing their new DRM free MP3 music download store today! Totally worth checking out. No DRM and no worthless Apple formats. It doesn’t get much better than that. Ogg Vorbis is better, yes. But only so much better. This is the big leap.

While researching music on the Amazon store I discovered that Robert Plant, yes that Robert Plant, is doing a duet album with Allison Kraus. Now that is weird.

At three I took a load of the stuff from my desk out to my car in preparation for my departure from Warren. I stepped outside and was greeted to a heat wave. It felt like afternoon on an island paradise (that’s a normal person’s island paradise and not mine.) This is not weather that you expect as October approaches. Very abnormal.

I left work at four thirty. Not as early as I had hoped but servieable, nonetheless. I headed west on i78 as quickly as I could which wasn’t very fast as traffic was horrible. No stopped traffic but it was highly congested and moving quite slowly the whole way through New Jersey.

I got into Pennsylvania and took the usual PA33 north to i80 west and then north on i380. While headed up i380 suddenly the sky grew dark – but not that bluish hued grey dark of a thunderstorm but that yellowish grey dark of the apocalypse. Dominica and Andy may remember one day of the most amazing “yellow dark storm” in Ithaca when we all lived in the house on Observatory Circle. It was similar to that.

Within minutes everything went from clear and sunny to one of the heaviest thunderstorms that I have ever been in. The rain came down so hard at one point that I lost site of the hood of the car! The whole storm didn’t last long but it was insanely intense. I couldn’t believe it. And while it was still coming down so hard I was having problems keeping my eyes open from the blinding sunlight that was still streaming in! It was crazy.

John Stephens called me from Scranton, just a few miles away, to check in on my estimated time of arrival. He said that the skies were clear and sunny and that there was no sign of the storm where he was. Very strange.

I arrived in Scranton at a quarter after six. John and I dropped off the servers that I was delivering and then we drove down to the University of Scranton “downtown” region and got dinner at a pub there.  Dinner was good.  I had never been to this particular part of Scranton before and it is really beautiful.  What a neat city.

It was around  ten when I pulled into Eleven 80.  It was a long evening but it was nice to get to see the Surfing IT Wizard for the first time in almost two years and it was really good to have been able to have delivered so many machines that were filling up the tiny Newark apartment.  This is a huge improvement.

Dad sent me a link to Students Worshipping the Engineering Fountain at Purdue University on YouTube.

September 25, 2007: My Youngest Cousin Is An Adult

That’s right, the youngest member of my generation in my family – on both sides – turns eighteen today.  I am the oldest at thirty one.  My entire group of cousins number only six (including me) with the next oldest at twenty three.  So happy birthday or bday to Jeremy Richardson.

Oreo is home alone all day today.  Susan is coming over during her lunch break to take him for a walk in the park.  So he won’t have to cross his legs all day but he will be very lonely.

It was a very warm late September day down here in New Jersey.  I didn’t check the temperature but I would guess that it was in the mid-eighties.  Tomorrow is supposed to be even warmer pushing into the nineties. Rochester hit ninety-two today which breaks the record for the warmest “Jeremy’s birthday” since 1891.

I got home this evening to a very excited dog.  He seems to have had a good day though.  He got lots of rest and did not appear to be upset.

My evening was extremely busy.  I finished preparing my DL145 G2 and SunFire V100 that are being transported out to Scranton tomorrow evening.  That took a bit of work.  I am hoping that I have everything done on them that I need to do.  One of the big disadvantages to having a colocation facility is that once you send stuff there it is extremely difficult to deal with it down the road since you can’t touch it.  You have to be really confident that everything will work properly “blind”.

I also had a lot of homework that I had to do because it is due tomorrow night.  Or so I thought.  After working like crazy on a big Java project until just about midnight I went onto the website for the course and realized that this is actually a two week project and that the homework is not actually due until October 4th!  What an idiot I am!

The upside is, of course, that I got a ton of Java work done ahead of time and now I don’t have to panic and can make sure that I am able to sit down and do it right.  I am doing well in my class so far and I don’t want to mess it up because of scheduling issues.  And we are not traveling this coming weekend so I have plenty of time to sit down and make sure that it is right.

Dominica bought some new shelf unit things that I can’t think of a good name for and she put in some time playing with Oreo, walking Oreo, assembling a new lamp and organizing the closets.  The bedroom is really coming together nicely.  We still need a good bedside table though with some drawers.  If we had that then I would have some additional storage, a place for a lamp, a place for my CPAP and a place for the alarm clock.  Boy I need a lot of stuff to sleep!

September 24, 2007: Mornings with Oreo

Because Oreo has no daycare this week we are having to be creative to keep him happy. I am staying home late this morning and working from here so that his day isn’t too long. It is a bright and sunny morning so he is very happy about that. Any chance to lounge on his favourite pillow in the bright sun is not to be missed.

My plan was to stay home until about ten this morning but nothing ever goes as planned. I was all set to head into the office around eleven thirty when I got caught on a conference call for quite some time. That actually worked out very well because Oreo got a nice long morning with me and his lonely afternoon was rather short. Dominica rushed home and spent a while playing with him.

I stayed at work really late – call it guilt for having worked from home this morning although I think that I got more done while I was at home except that I really did need some “face time” to discuss a few details on something. Otherwise I would have considered staying home all day.

Dominica went out and did some shopping for me over her lunch break. She ran to Staples and got me a USB Floppy Drive. I know, the most ridiculous thing that you could possibly image. But I need one because some of my HP server hardware – namely the DL145 G2 – does not allow BIOS or ILO firmware upgrades from any other media. So floppy it is. She also picked up a very cool Brother PTouch label maker because we both wanted one.

It was a bit after seven when I finally got home.  I had to hit the A&P on the way out of the office to pick up some water as we were just about out this morning when I left home.  I walked in the door to food waiting for me from Golden City.  Dominica had ordered it and it had arrived just minutes before me.  We threw on a little Ballykissangel and ate our dinner.

After dinner I had to walk the dog and then it was time to get down to work.  I was tired but I don’t have a very big window in which to get things done before Wednesday and on Wednesday I have to make an evening delivery to Scranton and my homework for the week is due.  And since I didn’t get any chance at all to touch it this weekend and really didn’t get a moment to do it today I am stuck really cramming for it tomorrow.